Mechanical Engineering Project idea - 2 | Creep Behaviour of Shape Memory Alloy

 ANALYSIS OF CREEP BEHAVIOUR OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY

📜 Table of Content

👉  Abstract

👉  Introduction

👉  Methodology

👉  Working Procedure

👉  Result  

👉  Conclusion

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ABSTRACT:

The Analysis for a creep behaviour of SMA National wire is presented along with material used is Nitinol alloy for increasing temperature tensile tests for constant load. The main characteristics, which appear in SMA, are the effect of shape memory and super elastic property. This paper discusses the behaviour of SMA Nitinol wire and its properties shown in tensile testing machine. In this analytic thinking, the parameter used like strain, temperature, time; load to obtain the necessitated result and plot the graph. Due to different properties of nitinol, it has diverseness of application in automobile, heat engine, etc. While executing loading under accordant rate of pressure per unit area, temperature increases because of stress triggered in martensitic change. The distortion conceptions are essential because the difference of SMA elements can change under self-consistent stress in the model of SMA element.

 

INTRODUCTION:

The distinct properties and application of SMA in various industries has gained more attention of researchers. Accomplishment in the present commercial centre requires improvement in effectiveness, quality and exactness of testing offices and testing hardware. Testing is a fundamental of all designing action. It is essential anytime in the designing procedure. It has wide variety of application from aerospace to biomedical devices due to its distinct properties. Due to regaining its original shape before deformation by increasing the temperature to a certain level has make SMA a desirable material for a damping and actuation. SMA may be found in two phases, particularly austenite and martensite. Austenite is the parent phase in which martensite, a softer product phase, occurs from the transformation process.

Works on the principle of Hooke's law (stress is straight comparative corresponding to the strain). In the first stage, or transient drag, the strain rate is relatively high, but decreases with expanding time and strain because of a procedure closely resembling to repetitive plastic deformation at lower temperature.

The second stage alluded to as "consistent state creep" is the most comprehended. The microstructure is invariant during this stage, which implies that recuperation impacts are concurrent with deformation.

In tertiary stage, the strain rate exponentially increments with stress in view of necking aspects or inner splits or voids diminishes the functional field of sample. The firmness or quality is immediately lost in this stage, while the materials is for all time changed. The increasing speed of creep distortion in the tertiary stage in the long run prompts material break.

 

METHODOLOGY

 

• CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINE:

A radiant ceramic heater works by applying electricity to warm a ceramic plate, which and then radiates heat into the chamber. The heating coil plate has a diameter of 160 mm and has a thickness of 20 mm. The coil is fixed with bolts. For insulation of the chamber, we have used glass wool. Typical thermal conductivity values for glass wools are between 0.023 and 0.040W/make Glass wool work just by having an enormous number of gas-filled pockets, which prevent large-scale convection causing rapid decrease in heat transfer coefficient. The inner and outer casing of the chamber is of mild steel with 0.5 mm thickness.

A thermostat is a provided for sensing the temperature of chamber and perform action so that the   chamber's   temperature   is   maintained   near a desired set point 200°c. An advanced temperature indicator is utilized for observing temperature. Hooks are provided for fixing the wire. The lower hook is welded with the hanger, which is a rod with a disc at the bottom for arrangement of load. The specimen used for testing is  shape memory alloy Nitinol wire with 0.5 mm diameter. It is an alloy of Nickel (Ni) (%)–And Titanium (Ti) (%) – 44.81.

 

• CAD MODEL:

 

WORKING PROCEDURE:

• The Specimen wire is fixed between two hooks.
• Then we add load to the hanger for obtaining the behaviour wire.
• Then we start the switch of heating oil and temperature indicator.
• And then we heat wire up to 200 °C and then maintain it constant under constant loading, then we wait for certain period of time for observing behaviour of wire reading.
• As soon as the specimen performs change in length, then we take that reading and observe for certain time of around 10minutes.
• At the end of 10 minutes we take the final reading that how much change in length is performed in wire and that reading is noted.
• The reading is taken under constant observation and the graph of strain vs. time is plotted. Then we further do the same procedure for obtaining the result for different loads.

 

RESULT:

• Observation Table:

Reading on scale	Strain	Time (in minute)
12.6	0	0
12	-0.06	1
11.9	-0.07	2
11.8	-0.08	3
11.6	-0.09	4
11.5	-0.1	5
11.5	-0.1	6
11.5	-0.1	7

• Graph:

 

CONCLUSION:

We have plotted the result of behaviour of SMA wire and gave the foundation that can undergo the further research. On the basis of the experimental analysis, we interpreted the behaviour of SMA Nitinol wire at increasing temperature up to 200 °C and then maintaining it constant under different constant load. The results we have found out are based on above procedure, and they are validating in a particular amount i.e. the nitinol wire have performed compression or contraction. It shows change in length lying in between length of 0 mm to 10 mm. The analysis done by we are carried out in low cost, and can further extend or modify according to requirement in future research.

This Project is fabricated by one of my friends group circle and I have taken the permission to publish such a good idea project on my website. To help other student in their projects and assignments.

Project Credit: Ajay Meshram | Akilesh Iratkar | Dnyandev Chetule | Pratik Ramteke  | Ashish Meshram | Ankit Kotharbansh

Full Research Paper : IjIrt

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